Bakun - Fast facts

FAST FACTS

The Bakun Hydroelectric Dam is the second highest concrete faced rockfill dam in the world.

Bakun dam is 207 metres high with a reservoir surface area of nearly 70,000 hectares, about the size of Singapore.

The main civil works began in 2002 by Malaysia-China Hydro Joint Venture.

A workforce of just over 3000 are on site at the peak of construction activity.

Experts, engineers, specialists and consultants worldwide are involved in this mega-project.

Upon completion, the Bakun Dam will generate 2400MW of clean electricity.

Bakun Dam is emission-free and has a 0% impact on global warming.

List of Hydro Power Plant in Malaysia

Hydropower

Peninsular Malaysia

Tenaga Nasional Berhad operates three hydroelectric schemes in the peninsular with an installed generating capacity of 1,911 megawatts (MW). They are the Sungai Perak, Terengganu and Cameron Highlands hydroelectric schemes with 21 dams in operation. A number of Independent Power Producers also own and operate several small hydro plants.

Sungai Perak hydroelectric scheme, with 1249 MW installed capacity:

* Sultan Azlan Shah Bersia Power Station 72 MW
* Chenderoh Power Station 40.5 MW
* Sultan Azlan Shah Kenering Power Station 120 MW
* Sungai Piah Upper Power Station 14.6 MW
* Sungai Piah Lower Power Station 54 MW
* Temenggor Power Station 348 MW
* Sultan Ismail Petra Power Station 600 MW

Terengganu hydroelectric scheme, with 400 MW installed capacity:

* Sultan Mahmud Power Station 400 MW

Cameron Highlands hydroelectric scheme, with 262 MW installed capacity:

* Sultan Yusof Jor Power Station 100 MW
* Sultan idris Woh Power Station 150 MW
* Odak Power Station 4.2 MW
* Habu Power Station 5.5 MW
* Kampong Raja Power Station 0.8 MW
* Kampong Terla Power Station 0.5 MW
* Robinson Falls Power Station 0.9 MW

Independent hydroelectric schemes

* Sg Kenerong Small Hydro Power Station in Kelantan at Sungai Kenerong, 20 MW owned by Musteq Hydro Sdn Bhd, a subsidiary of Eden Inc Berhad

Sabah and Sarawak

* Bakun Dam 2400 MW (Under construction)
* Batang Ai Dam at Lubok Antu, Sarawak 25 MW
* Murum Dam in Sarawak 944 MW (proposed)
* Tenom Pangi Dam at Tenom, Sabah 66 MW

Hydroelectric in Malaysia

Terengganu Hydroelectric Dam 400MW installed capacity

• Sultan Mahmud Power Station 4X100MW

Cameron Highlands Dam 262MW installed capacity

• Jor Dam 100MW
• Woh Dam 150MW
• Odak Dam 4.2MW
• Habu Dam 5.5MW
• Kampung Raja Dam 0.8MW
• Kampung Terla Dam 0.5MW
• Robinson Falls Dam 0.9MW

Sungai Perak Hydroelectric Dam installed capacity

• Bersia Dam 72MW
• Chenderoh Power Station 40.5MW
• Kenering Power Station 120MW
• Sungai Piah upper dam 14.6MW
  
• Sungai Piah lower dam 54MW
• Temenggor Power Station 348MW
  

Micro hydro: how it works

Micro hydro uses diverted river water to local produce up to 100 KW of power. Very useful in water rich areas where access to other energy sources is difficult. Find out how it works in this minute long silent animation.

The ecological impact of small-scale hydro is minimal; but the low-level environmental effects must be taken into consideration before construction begins. Stream water will be diverted away from part of the stream, so proper caution must be exercised to ensure there is no damaging impact on the local ecology.

Ulu Jelai Hydroelectricity Project

As far as I concern, Ulu Jelai Hydroelectricity Project to be completed by 2014. Are we confident this project can be fully commissioning 3 years from nowaday? I am not sure but will update later on if I have the information. But I still believe they can manage it.

TNB awards RM2.15bil jobs for Ulu Jelai project

PETALING JAYA: Tenaga Nasional Bhd (TNB) has signed two agreements worth some RM2.15bil for its Ulu Jelai hydroelectric project.

The company said the first agreement was with SMEC International Pty Ltd and SMEC (M) Sdn Bhd consortium, which would provide detailed engineering design for the main civil works, engineering design review for electrical and mechanical works, project management and site supervision.

The contract value was A$22.1mil and RM31.1mil, which was equivalent to RM99.6mil at the prevailing exchange rates, it told Bursa Malaysia yesterday.

The second agreement is with Tindakan Mewah Sdn Bhd and Salini Costruttori SpA consortium. Under this contract, the consortium will be responsible for the main civil, electrical and mechanical works.

The main civil works consist of the construction of a dam, two water-transfer tunnels and an underground power house.

TNB said the electrical and mechanical works involved the design, manufacture, erection, testing and commissioning of two power generation plant, each with a capacity of 186MW, and the associated electrical and mechanical equipment.

It said the value of the second contract was 307 million euros and RM818.1mil, which was equivalent to RM2.05bil at the prevailing exchange rates.

The company said the contract period for the development of the Ulu Jelai hydroelectric project was five years, during which the payment to the contractors would be made in accordance with the progress.

The project cost will potentially result in an increase in TNB's net assets by about 7.1%.

TNB said the project was expected to be completed by July 2016.

---thestar

Ulu Jelai Hydroelectric Project

The Ulu Jelai Hydroelectric Project is a 372MW hydropower development on the Bertram River in Pahang State. The scheme is estimated to produce an annual energy supply of 326GW.

The main features of the project are an 84m high dam with 1.3 million cubic meter embankment volume, a 100m wide ungated spillway, two deep sluice gates for the excavation of sediment, diversion weirs on the Telom and Lemoi rivers for the transfer of water to Susu Dam, a 20m high intake tower and an underground powerhouse cavern.

SMEC is carrying out a feasibility study for the Ulu Jelai hydroelectric project. SMEC’s services include: preparation of geotechnical investigation and topographic surveys, review of environmental data collection and hydrological studies, preparation of risk assessments during construction and operation, reservoir operation study, optimisation of hydroelectrical plant configuration, review of designs, preparation of final project layout, cost estimations and preparation of economic and financial analyses, preparation of tender design drawings and bidding documents and assistance in the tendering process.

TNB Awards RM2.149 Billion Ulu Jelai Hydro-Electric Project Contract To Two Consortiums

TNB Awards RM2.149 Billion Ulu Jelai Hydro-Electric Project Contract To Two Consortiums

KUALA LUMPUR, Jan 12 (Bernama) -- Tenaga Nasional Bhd awards contracts worth RM2.149 billion to two consortiums to undertake construction of the Ulu Jelai hydro-electric power plant in Pahang.

The plant, to be operational by July 2016, entails construction of one dam and installation of two hydro turbines and generators in a underground power station with a total installed capacity of 372 megawatt.

The consortium of Tindakan Mewah Sdn Bhd and Salini Costruttori S.p.A Consortium will be responsible for the main civil, electrical and mechanical works, it said in a filing to Bursa Malaysia Wednesday.

The main civil works consists of the construction of a dam, two water transfer tunnels and an underground powerhouse.

Electrical and mechanical works involve the design, manufacture, erection, testing and commissioning of two power-generating plants, each with a capacity of 186MW and the associated electrical and mechanical equipment.

The contract price is EURO307 million and RM818.1 million, which is equivalent to RM2.050 billion, it said.

The consortium of SMEC International Pty Ltd and SMEC (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd will provide detailed engineering design for the main civil works, engineering design review for electrical and mechanical works, project management and site supervision, said Tenaga.

The contract price is AU$D22.1 million and RM31.1 million, respectively, equivalent to RM99.6 million at the current exchange rate, it said.

The contract period for the development of the Ulu Jelai Hydroelectric Project is five years. Payment to the contractors will be made according to the progress of the project.

The above cost will potentially result in an increase in the company's net assets by about 7.1 per cent, said Tenaga.

The project, in the Cameron Highlands district, is part of ongoing efforts by Tenaga to provide peak load capacity to meet increasing demand for electricity and improve power system security by using renewable energy and reduce carbon emissions.

The project comprises Susu Dam on Sungai Bertam, two diversion weirs on Sungai Lemoi and Sungai Telom for the diversion of flows from the adjacent catchment via transfer tunnel into Sungai Bertam.

-- BERNAMA

THE SIGNING OF AGREEMENTS FOR ULU JELAI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT

THE SIGNING OF AGREEMENTS FOR ULU JELAI HYDROELECTRIC PROJECT


Tenaga Nasional Berhad (“TNB”) wishes to announce that it has signed two agreements with regards to the Ulu Jelai Hydroelectric Project.

The Project will involve the construction of one dam and the installation of two hydro turbines and generators in an underground power station with a total installed capacity of 372MW. The Project is located in the State of Pahang Darul Makmur, in the district of Cameron Highlands. The Project comprises of Susu Dam on Sg. Bertam, two diversion weirs on Sg. Lemoi and Sg. Telom for the diversion of flows from adjacent catchment via transfer tunnel into Sg. Bertam. The Project is expected to be completed and the station made operational by July 2016.

The first agreement is with SMEC International Pty Ltd and SMEC (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. Consortium which will provide detailed engineering design for the main civil works, engineering design review for the electrical and mechanical works, project management and site supervision. The contract price is AUD22.1 million and RM31.1 million, equivalent to RM99.6 million at the prevailing exchange rates.

The second agreement is with Tindakan Mewah Sdn. Bhd. and Salini Costruttori S.p.A Consortium. Under the contract, the Consortium will be responsible for the main civil, electrical and mechanical works.The main civil works consist of the construction of a dam, two water transfer tunnels and an underground power house. For electrical and mechanical works involves the design, manufacture, erection, testing and commissioning of two generating plant, each with a generating capacity of 186MW and the associated electrical and mechanical equipment. The contract price is EURO307 million and RM818.1 million, which is equivalent to RM2.050 billion at the prevailing exchange rates.

The contract period for the development of the Ulu Jelai Hydroelectric Project is 5 years of which the payment to these contractors will be made in accordance with the progress of the project.

The above cost will potentially result in an increase in the Company’s Net Assets by approximately 7.1%. This Project is part of the on-going efforts by TNB to provide peak load capacity in order to meet increasing electricity demand and improve power system security by using renewable energy and at the same time reduce carbon emissions.

None of the Directors or Major Shareholders of TNB or persons connected to the Directors or Major Shareholders of TNB has interest, direct or indirect in the said Agreements.

This announcement is dated 12 January 2011.(bursa malaysia)

3 Virtual Turbines: Pelton, Francis and Kaplan

3 Virtual Turbines: Pelton, Francis and Kaplan

Pergau Hydroelectric 600MW

Pergau Water Intake at Kuala Yong Dam

Hydroelectric dam on the Pergau River in Malaysia, near the Thai border. Building work began in 1991 with money from the UK foreign aid budget. Concurrently, the Malaysian government bought around £1 billion worth of arms from the UK. The suggested linkage of arms deals to aid became the subject of a UK government enquiry from March 1994. In November 1994 a High Court ruled as illegal British foreign secretary Douglas Hurd's allocation of £234 million towards the funding of the dam, on the grounds that it was not of economic or humanitarian benefit to the Malaysian people.

What is the Main Inlet Valve?

Main inlet valve or shortly we say MIV is the spherical valve which installed before water enter into spiral casing of the hydro turbine.

Main inlet valve or MIV at hydro power plant.

Water from the dam go to the penstock and before water enter the turbine, MIV is a component in between stop the water for small maintenance purpose in the turbine hall.

Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Project

Pic: Bakun Dam in Sarawak

Hulu Terengganu Hydroelectric Project is proposed to Terengganu State Government for electric power supply. The hydroelectric project own by Tenaga Nasional Berhad.

The project is set to commence on 2010 and will be completed 2014. This crucial for TNB where the project need to be completed on time since the demand on the power supply expected to increase in 2013 onwards. One more thing is Bakun Project which expected to supply power to Semenanjung will be not realized due to some problem. Maybe the problem rise on the underground sea cabel issue.

More details: TNB to build another hydroelectric Plant in Terengganu.

Francis Turbine

Francis Turbine

Francis Turbine Blade

The Francis turbine is a type of water turbine that was developed by James B. Francis. It is an inward flow reaction turbine that combines radial and axial flow concepts. Francis turbines are the most common water turbine in use today. They operate in a head range of ten meters to several hundred meters and are primarily used for electrical power production.

Theory of Operation

The Francis turbine is a reaction turbine, which means that the working fluid changes pressure as it moves through the turbine, giving up its energy. A casement is needed to contain the water flow. The turbine is located between the high pressure water source and the low pressure water exit, usually at the base of a dam.The inlet is spiral shaped. Guide vanes direct the water tangentially to the turbine wheel, known as a runner. This radial flow acts on the runner's vanes, causing the runner to spin. The guide vanes (or wicket gate) may be adjustable to allow efficient turbine operation for a range of water flow conditions. As the water moves through the runner its spinning radius decreases, further acting on the runner. For an analogy, imagine swinging a ball on a string around in a circle; if the string is pulled short, the ball spins faster due to the conservation of angular momentum. This property, in addition to the water's pressure, helps Francis and other inward-flow turbines harness water energy efficiently.

Application

Francis turbines may be designed for a wide range of heads and flows. This, along with their high efficiency, has made them the most widely used turbine in the world. Francis type units cover a head range from 20 meters to 700 meters, and their output power varies from just a few kilowatts up to one gigawatt. Large Francis turbines are individually designed for each site to operate at the highest possible efficiency, typically over 90%. In addition to electrical production, they may also be used for pumped storage; where a reservoir is filled by the turbine (acting as a pump) during low power demand, and then reversed and used to generate power during peak demand.

Hydro Generator Turbine - Common Parts

Hydro Generator Turbine

Hydro Generator Turbine

• Turbine Generator Shaft
• Turbine Blades
• Stator
• Rotor
• Generator
• Wicket Gate
• Water Flow

Video of How Hydroelectric Power Works

Video of How Hydroelectric Power Works

Hydroelectricity energy is a renewable energy source dependent upon the hydrologic cycle of water, which involves evaporation, precipitation and the flow of water due to gravity. Canada has abundant water resources and a geography that provides many opportunities to produce low-cost energy. In fact, accessing the energy from flowing waters has played an important role in the economic and social development of Canada for the past three centuries.

Source: Hydroelectricity Power Works

What is hydroelectricity according to wikipedia?

The World Largest Hydroelectricity Three George Dam

Hydroelectricity is electricity generated by hydropower, i.e., the production of power through use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy. Once a hydroelectric complex is constructed, the project produces no direct waste, and has a considerably lower output level of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO2) than fossil fuel powered energy plants. Worldwide, hydroelectricity supplied an estimated 816 GWe in 2005. This was approximately 20% of the world's electricity, and accounted for about 88% of electricity from renewable sources.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricity

• Hydroelectricity explained
• Hydroelectricity Dam or Hydroelectricity Power Station
  

Hydroelectricity - source from thecanadianencyclopedia

Picture: Hydroelectricity Beauharnois Dam

The Hydroelectricity Beauharnois Dam on the St Lawrence Seaway harnesses some of the river's enormous electric potential (photo by J.A. Kraulis).

Hydroelectricity is obtained from the energy contained in falling water; it is a renewable, comparatively nonpolluting energy source and Canada's largest source of electric power generation. In N America in the 1850s the energy content of moving water was exploited through the use of small-capacity waterwheels and turbines for the direct drive of machinery, for example, in gristmills and sawmills. By the 1860s many hundreds of turbines, ranging up to 1000 HP capacity, were manufactured annually in the US and by the early 1870s the production of at least one Canadian factory was averaging about 20 machines per year. Hydroelectricity was introduced in the 1880s, soon after Thomas Edison began manufacturing direct-current (DC) electric generators, which were initially belt driven by steam engines. It was not long before enterprising mill owners began to install generators of up to 10-12 kW capacity, with belt drives from existing mill turbines, to provide electric lighting in the mills and adjacent premises.

Source from thecanadianencyclopedia.

Hydroelectricity Explained

Hydroelectricity Itaipu Brazil/Paraguay Dam scene at night

Close up view of dam: Itaipu Brazil/Paraguay Hydroelectricity dam

Hydroelectricity is another term for power generated by harnessing the power of moving water. Not necessarily falling water, just moving water. There are many famous such generating stations in the world, not the least of them at Niagara Falls, Grand Coulee and Boulder Dam. These are just a few of the many examples of energy produced by falling water. On the other hand, a small mill set in the rapids of a fast-moving stream is also an example of it in action, on a lesser scale. The truth is that any steady current of flowing water from a river or other waterway can be converted to power.

Source: Hydroelectricity Explained

Hydroelectricity Dam or Hydroelectricity Power Station

Dam Hydroelectricity Description

Area of Dam Hydroelectricity Station

Dam Hydroelectricity Major Components

Dam Hydroelectricity Picture

How the Dam hydroelectric works? The water is held in a reservoir as per picture above (Dam Hydroelectricity), behind the dam, the water close to the control gates is where the intake is, and when the control gates open, the water rushes through the penstock and turns the turbine. After the water does so, it goes through the outflow into the river. The turbine spins the generator, and the electricity goes to the transformer in the powerhouse. Then the transformer transforms the electricity into a usable form, and the electricity travels through the power lines and goes to homes and businesses.

One more thing that is needed is location. To build a dam there has to be valleys and rivers. This will help with the building of the dam. There has to be great location or it won’t work. The land cannot be flat, or there is no way to build a dam. Canada, USA, the former USSR, Brazil, China, Norway, Japan, Sweden, India, and France all use hydroelectric energy. These countries are in order from the largest number of kilowatts in billions that are used each year.

There are advantages and disadvantages of using hydroelectricity energy. Here are some of the advantages. It is renewable, clean, non-polluting, and it prevents floods. Not all dams produce electricity, but they prevent flooding, and others do both.

As said, there are advantages of using hydroelectricity energy. There are disadvantages too. Here are some of the disadvantages. Hydroelectricity dams can harm many species that live on the area, the land around the dam can be destroyed, and the furious turbines will kill the fish.

As said before, dam hydroelectricity energy is one of many sources of electricity in the world. The future of hydroelectricity power is looking like it will still be used in the next century or more, because the world will still have plenty of running water and the need for lots of non-polluting energy.

Source: Hydroelectric Energy